Of the non-energy and other emissions in Gelderland, 2.32% — or 0.13 Mton CO₂-eq per year — comes from stationary cooling, freezing and air conditioning. A further 0.77% (0.04 Mton per year) comes from mobile air conditioning in road traffic. Together, refrigerants form a smaller but clearly identifiable source alongside landfills.
Refrigerants escape mainly through leaks from existing equipment, and containing those leaks counts as the fourth solution in the analysis. That solution falls outside the modelled sector potential, because its role is smaller than that of landfills. For the Netherlands, and by analogy for Gelderland, emissions from cooling systems and refrigerants are expected to fall by 79% through to 2030 under existing policy. Source: Climate Action Recap Gelderland (industry and business sector analysis), New Economy.