A benefit-cost ratio of 3.2 means that the modelled social benefits are substantially higher than the total programme costs in the Mensa Mensa impact analysis. The ratio combines different value routes, including affordability, health, social connection, food skills and prevention.
The number should be read as an indicative social-cost-benefit result. It does not mean that every euro returns as cash income. It shows that a healthy-food location can generate wider public value when the concept is implemented well and when assumptions about reach, costs and benefits are made transparent.