Three sources dominate Utrecht’s industrial emissions: the building materials industry (0.13 Mton), landfilling (0.11 Mton) and the food industry (0.11 Mton). Landfill emissions consist largely of methane, a greenhouse gas 28 times stronger than CO₂ over a century.
Between 2005 and 2019 industrial emissions declined steadily. The assessment focused its solutions on the building materials industry, where the largest reduction opportunity lies.