A life-cycle assessment (LCA) is a standardised method for mapping the environmental impact of a product or service across its full life cycle, from raw material extraction to end of life.

A social cost-benefit analysis (MKBA) maps societal costs and benefits of a project or policy choice, including effects without a market price such as health, environment and liveability.

Regenerative means giving more back than is taken: not only reducing harm, but actively restoring ecological, social and economic systems. Sustainability is the starting point; net positive impact is the direction.

In 2021, New Economy submitted additional pages, tables, visuals and example exercises for Binas to help students assess material impact across climate, scarcity, recycling, health and chain risks.